Human Organ System

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 The body is composed of cells and extracellular materials that are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems.                   

      



Many scientists divide the body into 11 separate organ systems: muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, endocrine, nervous, integumentary, reproductive, and immune.

 


Respiratory  System

 Respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. This system helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work. It also cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, from your blood. Common problems include allergies, diseases or infections.



Parts of the Respiratory System.

  • Nose.                                                                                                              
  • Mouth. 
  • Throat (pharynx)
  • Voice box (larynx)
  • Windpipe (trachea)
  • Airways (bronchi)
  • Lungs.


Respiration is the best-known role of the lungs, but they carry out other important functions, including:
  • Balancing pH: Too much carbon dioxide can cause the body to become acidic. ...
  • Protecting the body: The lungs help protect the body from harmful substances. ...
  • Speech: Without airflow, a person would be unable to speak.





Functions of Respiratory System

There are five functions of the respiratory system.
  • Gas Exchange – oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • Breathing – movement of air.
  • Sound Production.
  • Olfactory Assistance – sense of smell.
  • Protection – from dust and microbes entering body through mucus production, cilia, and coughing.



Common diseases of the respiratory system include:

  • Asthma. Your airways narrow and make too much mucus.
  • Bronchiectasis. Inflammation and infection make your bronchial walls thicker.
  • Pneumonia. An infection causes inflammation in your alveoli. They might fill up with fluid or pus.
  • Tuberculosis. A bacterium causes this dangerous infection. It usually affects your lungs but might also involve your kidney, spine, or brain.
  • Cystic fibrosis. This disease is caused by a problem in your genes and gets worse over time. It causes lung infections that don’t go away.
  • Pleural effusion. Too much fluid builds up between the tissues that line your lungs and chest.
  • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Your lung tissue becomes scarred and can’t work the way it should.
  • Sarcoidosis. Tiny clumps of inflammatory cells called granulomas form, often in your lungs and lymph nodes.
How does the respiratory system work step by step?
The THROAT collects incoming air from your nose and mouth then passes it down to the windpipe (trachea). The WINDPIPE (trachea) is the passage leading from your throat to your lungs. The windpipe divides into the two main BRONCHIAL TUBES, one for each lung, which divides again into each lobe of your lungs.










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